Israel's Rebellion and God's Mercy

Psalms 77

Asaph rehearses at length the history of Israel from the exodus onward, recounting God's wonders at the Red Sea, the manna and quails in the wilderness, and Israel's repeated rebellion, unbelief, and idolatry despite these mercies. He describes God's provoked anger, the plagues on Egypt, the loss of the tabernacle at Selom, and God's eventual choice of the tribe of Juda and of David to shepherd his people.

About these editions

The Septuagint (LXX) in Greek, with Charles Thomson’s 1808 and Sir Lancelot Brenton’s 1851 English translations, set beside the King James Version and the Jewish Masoretic text (JPS 1917) where they align, so you can compare the Greek and the Hebrew. All public domain; choose which to show with the controls above.

Thomson 1808Septuagint

Brenton 1851Septuagint

Greek · BrentonSeptuagint

KJV 1769Masoretic

JPS 1917Masoretic

ThomsonATTEND, my people, to my law; incline your ears to the words of my mouth.

BrentonA Psalm of instruction for Asaph. Give heed, O my people, to my law: incline your ear to the words of my mouth.

GreekΣυνέσεως τῷ Ἀσάφ. Προσέχετε λαός μου τὸν νόμον μου, κλίνατε τὸ οὖς ὑμῶν εἰς τὰ ῥήματα τοῦ στόματός μου.

KJVGive ear, O my people, to my law: incline your ears to the words of my mouth.

JPSMaschil of Asaph. Give ear, O my people, to my teaching; Incline your ears to the words of my mouth.

ThomsonI will open my mouth with parables—I will utter dark sayings of old;—

BrentonI will open my mouth in parables: I will utter dark sayings which have been from the beginning.

GreekἈνοίξω ἐν παραβολαῖς τὸ στόμα μου, φθέγξομαι προβλήματα ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς.

KJVI will open my mouth in a parable: I will utter dark sayings of old:

JPSI will open my mouth with a parable; I will utter dark sayings concerning days of old;

Thomsonsuch as we have heard and known, which our fathers have related to us.

BrentonAll which we have heard and known, and our fathers have declared to us.

GreekὍσα ἠκούσαμεν καὶ ἔγνωμεν αὐτὰ, καὶ οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν διηγήσαντο ἡμῖν.

KJVWhich we have heard and known, and our fathers have told us.

JPSThat which we have heard and known, And our fathers have told us,

ThomsonThey were not hid from their children: one generation told another the praises of the Lord, His acts of power, and the wonders which He hath done.

BrentonThey were not hid from their children to a second generation; the fathers declaring the praises of the Lord, and his mighty acts, and his wonders which he wrought.

GreekΟὐκ ἐκρύβη ἀπὸ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῶν εἰς γενεὰν ἑτέραν, ἀπαγγέλλοντες τὰς αἰνέσεις Κυρίου καὶ τὰς δυναστείας αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὰ θαυμάσια αὐτοῦ ἃ ἐποίησε.

KJVWe will not hide them from their children, shewing to the generation to come the praises of the LORD, and his strength, and his wonderful works that he hath done.

JPSWe will not hide from their children, Telling to the generation to come the praises of the LORD, And His strength, and His wondrous works that He hath done. .

ThomsonThus He raised up a testimony in Jacob, and established a law in Israel, which He commanded our fathers to make known to their children:

BrentonAnd he raised up a testimony in Jacob, and appointed a law in Israel, which he commanded our fathers, to make it known to their children:

GreekΚαὶ ἀνέστησε μαρτύριον ἐν Ἰακὼβ, καὶ νόμον ἔθετο ἐν Ἰσραήλ· ὃν ἐνετείλατο τοῖς πατράσιν ἡμῶν, γνωρίσαι αὐτὸν τοῖς υἱοῖς αὐτῶν,

KJVFor he established a testimony in Jacob, and appointed a law in Israel, which he commanded our fathers, that they should make them known to their children:

JPSFor He established a testimony in Jacob, And appointed a law in Israel, Which He commanded our fathers, That they should make them known to their children;

Thomsonthat the succeeding generation—the children to be born, might know it, and rise and tell the same to their children:

Brentonthat another generation might know, even the sons which should be born; and they should arise and declare them to their children.

Greekὅπως ἂν γνῷ γενεὰ ἑτέρα, υἱοὶ οἱ τεχθησόμενοι, καὶ ἀναστήσονται καὶ ἀπαγγελοῦσιν αὐτὰ τοῖς υἱοῖς αὐτῶν·

KJVThat the generation to come might know them, even the children which should be born; who should arise and declare them to their children:

JPSThat the generation to come might know them, even the children that should be born; Who should arise and tell them to their children,

Thomsonthat they might put their trust in God, and not forget the works of God, but seek diligently His commandments—

BrentonThat they might set their hope on God, and not forget the works of God, but diligently seek his commandments.

Greekἵνα θῶνται ἐπὶ τὸν Θεὸν τὴν ἐλπίδα αὐτῶν, καὶ μὴ ἐπιλάθωνται τῶν ἔργων τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ ἐκζητήσωσιν.

KJVThat they might set their hope in God, and not forget the works of God, but keep his commandments:

JPSThat they might put their confidence in God, And not forget the works of God, But keep His commandments;

Thomsonthat they might not be like their fathers—a perverse and rebellious generation—a generation which set not their hearts aright, and whose spirit was not steadfast with God.

BrentonThat they should not be as their fathers, a perverse and provoking generation; a generation which set not its heart aright, and its spirit was not steadfast with God.

GreekἽνα μὴ γένωνται ὡς οἱ πατέρες αὐτῶν, γενεὰ σκολιὰ καὶ παραπικραίνουσα, γενεὰ ἥτις οὐ κατεύθυνεν ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτῆς, καὶ οὐκ ἐπιστώθη μετὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτῆς.

KJVAnd might not be as their fathers, a stubborn and rebellious generation; a generation that set not their heart aright, and whose spirit was not stedfast with God.

JPSAnd might not be as their fathers, A stubborn and rebellious generation; A generation that set not their heart aright, And whose spirit was not stedfast with God.

ThomsonThe sons of Ephraim, who bend and shoot the bow, were turned back in the day of battle.

BrentonThe children of Ephraim, bending and shooting with the bow, turned back in the day of battle.

GreekΥἱοὶ Ἐφραὶμ ἐντεινοντες καὶ βάλλοντες τόξον, ἐστράφησαν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ πολέμου.

KJVThe children of Ephraim, being armed, and carrying bows, turned back in the day of battle.

JPSThe children of Ephraim were as archers handling the bow, That turned back in the day of battle.

ThomsonThey did not keep the covenant of God, and would not walk in His law.

BrentonThey kept not the covenant of God, and would not walk in his law.

GreekΟὐκ ἐφύλαξαν τὴν διαθήκην τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἤθελον πορεύεσθαι.

KJVThey kept not the covenant of God, and refused to walk in his law;

JPSThey kept not the covenant of God, And refused to walk in His law;

Thomson—

BrentonAnd they forgot his benefits, and his miracles which he had shewed them;

GreekΚαὶ ἐπελάθοντο τῶν εὐεργεσιῶν αὐτοῦ καὶ τῶν θαυμασίων αὐτοῦ, ὧν ἔδειξεν αὐτοῖς·

KJVAnd forgat his works, and his wonders that he had shewed them.

JPSAnd they forgot His doings, And His wondrous works that He had shown them.

Thomsonwonders which He did in the sight of their fathers: in the land of Egypt, in the plain of Tanis.

Brentonthe miracles which he wrought before their fathers, in the land of Egypt, in the plain of Tanes.

Greekἐναντίον τῶν πατέρων αὐτῶν ἃ ἐποίησε θαυμάσια, ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ, ἐν πεδίῳ Τάνεως.

KJVMarvellous things did he in the sight of their fathers, in the land of Egypt, in the field of Zoan.

JPSMarvellous things did He in the sight of their fathers, In the land of Egypt, in the field of Zoan.

ThomsonHe had cleft the sea and led them through it; He had stayed the waters as in a bottle.

BrentonHe clave the sea, and led them through: he made the waters to stand as in a bottle.

GreekΔιέῤῥηξε θάλασσαν, καὶ διήγαγεν αὐτοὺς· ἔστησεν ὕδατα ὡσεὶ ἀσκόν.

KJVHe divided the sea, and caused them to pass through; and he made the waters to stand as an heap.

JPSHe cleaved the sea, and caused them to pass through; And He made the waters to stand as a heap.

ThomsonHe had led them with a cloud by day, and all the night long with a light of fire;

BrentonAnd he guided them with a cloud by day, and all the night with a light of fire.

GreekΚαὶ ὡδήγησεν αὐτοὺς ἐν νεφέλῃ ἡμέρας, καὶ ὅλην τὴν νύκτα ἐν φωτισμῷ πυρός.

KJVIn the daytime also he led them with a cloud, and all the night with a light of fire.

JPSBy day also He led them with a cloud, And all the night with a light of fire.

ThomsonHe had cleft a rock in the wilderness, and given them drink as from a great abyss;

BrentonHe clave a rock in the wilderness, and made them drink as in a great deep.

GreekΔιέῤῥηξε πέτραν ἐν ἐρήμῳ, καὶ ἐπότισεν αὐτοὺς ὡς ἐν ἀβύσσῳ πολλῇ.

KJVHe clave the rocks in the wilderness, and gave them drink as out of the great depths.

JPSHe cleaved rocks in the wilderness, And gave them drink abundantly as out of the great deep.

ThomsonHe had brought water out of a rock, and caused streams to flow down like rivers:

BrentonAnd he brought water out of the rock, and caused waters to flow down as rivers.

GreekΚαὶ ἐξήγαγεν ὕδωρ ἐκ πέτρας, καὶ κατήγαγεν ὡς ποταμοὺς ὕδατα.

KJVHe brought streams also out of the rock, and caused waters to run down like rivers.

JPSHe brought streams also out of the rock, And caused waters to run down like rivers.

ThomsonBut still they proceeded to sin against Him—they provoked the Most High in a desert.

BrentonAnd they sinned yet more against him; they provoked the Most High in the wilderness.

GreekΚαὶ προσέθεντο ἔτι τοῦ ἁμαρτάνειν αὐτῷ· παρεπικραναν τὸν ὕψιστον ἐν ἀνύδρῳ,

KJVAnd they sinned yet more against him by provoking the most High in the wilderness.

JPSYet went they on still to sin against Him, To rebel against the Most High in the desert.

ThomsonStill they made trial of God in their hearts, by asking for meats to their appetites.

BrentonAnd they tempted God in their hearts, in asking meat for the desire of their souls.

Greekκαὶ ἐξεπείρασαν τὸν Θεὸν ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις αὐτῶν, τοῦ αἰτῆσαι βρώματα ταῖς ψυχαῖς αὐτῶν.

KJVAnd they tempted God in their heart by asking meat for their lust.

JPSAnd they tried God in their heart By asking food for their craving.

ThomsonNay, they spoke against God and said, Can God provide a table in a desert?

BrentonThey spoke also against God, and said, Will God be able to prepare a table in the wilderness?

GreekΚαὶ κατελάλησαν τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ εἶπαν, μὴ δυνήσεται ὁ Θεὸς ἑτοιμάσαι τράπεζαν ἐν ἐρήμῳ;

KJVYea, they spake against God; they said, Can God furnish a table in the wilderness?

JPSYea, they spoke against God; They said 'Can God prepare a table in the wilderness?

ThomsonWhen He smote a rock, waters gushed out, and streams swelled to an overflowing flood. But can He also give bread, or provide a table for His people?

BrentonForasmuch as he smote the rock, and the waters flowed, and the torrents ran abundantly; will he be able also to give bread, or prepare a table for his people?

GreekἘπεὶ ἐπάταξε πέτραν, καὶ ἐῤῥύησαν ὕδατα, καὶ χείμαῤῥοι κατεκλύσθησαν· μὴ καὶ ἄρτον δυνήσεται δοῦναι; ἢ ἑτοιμάσαι τράπεζαν τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ;

KJVBehold, he smote the rock, that the waters gushed out, and the streams overflowed; can he give bread also? can he provide flesh for his people?

JPSBehold, He smote the rock, that waters gushed out, And streams overflowed; Can He give bread also? Or will He provide flesh for His people?'

ThomsonTherefore the Lord heard and was provoked; and a fire was kindled among Jacob; and wrath came up against Israel.

BrentonTherefore the Lord heard, and was provoked: and fire was kindled in Jacob, and wrath went up against Israel.

GreekΔιὰ τοῦτο ἤκουσε Κύριος καὶ ἀνεβάλετο, καὶ πῦρ ἀνήφθη ἐν Ἰακὼβ, καὶ ὀργὴ ἀνέβη ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰσραήλ.

KJVTherefore the LORD heard this, and was wroth: so a fire was kindled against Jacob, and anger also came up against Israel;

JPSTherefore the LORD heard, and was wroth; And a fire was kindled against Jacob, And anger also went up against Israel;

ThomsonBecause they believed not in God, nor trusted in His salvation.

BrentonBecause they believed not in God, and trusted not in his salvation.

GreekὍτι οὐκ ἐπίστευσαν ἐν τῷ Θεῷ, οὐδὲ ἤλπισαν ἐπὶ τὸ σωτήριον αὐτοῦ.

KJVBecause they believed not in God, and trusted not in his salvation:

JPSBecause they believed not in God, And trusted not in His salvation.

ThomsonThough He had commanded the clouds above, and had opened the doors of heaven,

BrentonYet he commanded the clouds from above, and opened the doors of heaven,

GreekΚαὶ ἐνετείλατο νεφέλαις ὑπεράνωθεν, καὶ θύρας οὐρανοῦ ἀνέῳξε·

KJVThough he had commanded the clouds from above, and opened the doors of heaven,

JPSAnd He commanded the skies above, And opened the doors of heaven;

Thomsonand had rained down manna for them to eat, and had given them the bread of heaven,

Brentonand rained upon them manna to eat, and gave them the bread of heaven.

Greekκαὶ ἔβρεξεν αὐτοῖς μάννα φαγεῖν, καὶ ἄρτον οὐρανοῦ ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς.

KJVAnd had rained down manna upon them to eat, and had given them of the corn of heaven.

JPSAnd He caused manna to rain upon them for food, And gave them of the corn of heaven.

Thomson(man was eating the bread of angels) He sent meat for them to satiety.

BrentonMan ate angels' bread; he sent them provision to the full.

GreekἌρτον ἀγγέλων ἔφαγεν ἄνθρωπος, ἐπισιτισμὸν ἀπέστειλεν αὐτοῖς εἰς πλησμονήν.

KJVMan did eat angels’ food: he sent them meat to the full.

JPSMan did eat the bread of the mighty; He sent them provisions to the full.

ThomsonHe removed the south east wind out of heaven, and by His power brought on the south west:

BrentonHe removed the south wind from heaven; and by his might he brought in the south-west wind.

GreekἈπῇρε Νότον ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ ἐπήγαγεν ἐν τῇ δυναστείᾳ

KJVHe caused an east wind to blow in the heaven: and by his power he brought in the south wind.

JPSHe caused the east wind to set forth in heaven; And by His power He brought on the south wind.

Thomsonand rained upon them flesh, like dust: and feathered fowls as the sand of the sea;

BrentonAnd he rained upon them flesh like dust, and feathered birds like the sand of the seas.

Greekαὐτοῦ Λίβα. Καὶ ἔβρεξεν ἐπ αὐτοὺς ὡσεὶ χοῦν σάρκας, καὶ ὡσεῖ ἄμμον θαλασσῶν πετεινὰ πτερωτά.

KJVHe rained flesh also upon them as dust, and feathered fowls like as the sand of the sea:

JPSHe caused flesh also to rain upon them as the dust, And winged fowl as the sand of the seas;

Thomsonthey fell in the midst of their encampment, and all around their habitation.

BrentonAnd they fell into the midst of their camp, round about their tents.

GreekΚαὶ ἐπέπεσον εἰς μέσον τῆς παρεμβολῆς αὐτῶν, κύκλῳ τῶν σκηνωμάτων αὐτῶν.

KJVAnd he let it fall in the midst of their camp, round about their habitations.

JPSAnd He let it fall in the midst of their camp, Round about their dwellings.

ThomsonThough they ate and were filled abundantly, and He had given them their desire;

BrentonSo they ate, and were completely filled; and he gave them their desire.

GreekΚαὶ ἐφάγοσαν καὶ ἐνεπλήσθησαν σφόδρα, καὶ τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν αὐτῶν ἤνεγκεν αὐτοῖς.

KJVSo they did eat, and were well filled: for he gave them their own desire;

JPSSo they did eat, and were well filled; And He gave them that which they craved.

Thomson—

BrentonThey were not disappointed of their desire: but when their food was yet in their mouth,

GreekΟὐκ ἐστερήθησαν ἀπὸ τῆς ἐπιθυμίας αὐτῶν· ἔτι τῆς βρώσεως

KJV—

JPSThey were not estranged from their craving, Their food was yet in their mouths,

Thomsonthe anger of God came up against them, and slew them amidst their fat viands, and fettered the chosen men of Israel.

Brentonthen the indignation of God rose up against them, and slew the fattest of them, and overthrew the choice men of Israel.

Greekαὐτῶν οὔσης ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτῶν, καὶ ὀργὴ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀνέβη ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς, καὶ ἀπέκτεινεν ἐν τοῖς πίοσιν αὐτῶν, καὶ τοὺς ἐκλεκτοὺς τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ συνεπόδισεν.

KJVThe wrath of God came upon them, and slew the fattest of them, and smote down the chosen men of Israel.

JPSWhen the anger of God went up against them, And slew of the lustieth among them, And smote down the young men of Israel.

Thomson—

BrentonIn the midst of all this they sinned yet more, and believed not his miracles.

GreekʼΕν πᾶσι τούτοις ἥμαρτον ἔτι, καὶ οὐκ ἐπίστευσαν τοῖς

KJVFor all this they sinned still, and believed not for his wondrous works.

JPSFor all this they sinned still, And believed not in His wondrous works.

Thomsontherefore their days glided away in vanity, and their years were attended with impatience.

BrentonAnd their days were consumed in vanity, and their years with anxiety.

Greekθαυμασίοις αὐτοῦ. Καὶ ἐξέλιπον ἐν ματαιότητι αἱ ἡμέραι αὐτῶν, καὶ τὰ ἔτη αὐτῶν μετὰ σπουδῆς.

KJVTherefore their days did he consume in vanity, and their years in trouble.

JPSTherefore He ended their days as a breath, And their years in terror.

ThomsonWhen He smote them and they sought Him, and returned and inquired early after God,

BrentonWhen he slew them, they sought him: and they returned and called betimes upon God.

GreekὍταν ἀπέκτεινεν αὐτοὺς, ἐζήτουν αὐτὸν, καὶ ἐπέστρεφον καὶ

KJVWhen he slew them, then they sought him: and they returned and enquired early after God.

JPSWhen He slew them, then they would inquire after Him, And turn back and seek God earnestly.

Thomsonand remembered that God was their helper, and that God the Most High was their redeemer;

BrentonAnd they remembered that God was their helper, and the most high God was their redeemer.

Greekὤρθριζον πρὸς τὸν Θεόν. Καὶ ἐμνήσθησαν ὅτι ὁ Θεὸς βοηθὸς αὐτῶν ἐστι, καὶ ὁ Θεὸς ὁ ὕψιστος λυτρωτὴς αὐτῶν ἐστι.

KJVAnd they remembered that God was their rock, and the high God their redeemer.

JPSAnd they remembered that God was their Rock, And the Most High God their redeemer.

Thomsonthough they expressed love for Him with their mouth, they lied to Him with their tongue,

BrentonYet they loved him only with their mouth, and lied to him with their tongue.

GreekΚαὶ ἠγάπησαν αὐτὸν ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτῶν, καὶ τῇ γλώσσῃ αὐτῶν

KJVNevertheless they did flatter him with their mouth, and they lied unto him with their tongues.

JPSBut they beguiled Him with their mouth, And lied unto Him with their tongue.

Thomsonand their heart was not right with Him, nor were they steadfast in His covenant.

BrentonFor their heart was not right with him, neither were they steadfast in his covenant.

Greekἐψεύσαντο αὐτῷ· ἡ δὲ καρδία αὐτῶν οὐκ εὐθεῖα μετʼ αὐτοῦ, οὐδὲ ἐπιστώθησαν ἐν τῇ διαθήκῃ αὐτοῦ.

KJVFor their heart was not right with him, neither were they stedfast in his covenant.

JPSFor their heart was not stedfast with Him, Neither were they faithful in His covenant.

ThomsonBut He being merciful forgave their sins, and would not utterly destroy them. Yea, many a time did He turn away His wrath, and would not suffer all His wrath to blaze forth;

BrentonBut he is compassionate, and will forgive their sins, and will not destroy them: yea, he will frequently turn away his wrath, and will not kindle all his anger.

GreekΑὐτὸς δέ ἐστιν οἰκτίρμων, καὶ ἱλάσεται ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις αὐτῶν, καὶ οὐ διαφθερεῖ· καὶ πληθυνεῖ τοῦ ἀποστρέψαι τὸν θυμὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐχὶ ἐκκαύσει πᾶσαν τὴν ὀργὴν αὐτοῦ.

KJVBut he, being full of compassion, forgave their iniquity, and destroyed them not: yea, many a time turned he his anger away, and did not stir up all his wrath.

JPSBut He, being full of compassion, forgiveth iniquity, and destroyeth not; Yea, many a time doth He turn His anger away, And doth not stir up all His wrath.

Thomson—

BrentonAnd he remembered that they are flesh; a wind that passes away, and returns not.

GreekΚαὶ ἐμνήσθη ὅτι σάρξ εἰσι, πνεῦμα πορευόμενον καὶ οὐκ ἐπιστρέφον.

KJVFor he remembered that they were but flesh; a wind that passeth away, and cometh not again.

JPSSo He remembered that they were but flesh, A wind that passeth away, and cometh not again.

ThomsonHow often did they provoke Him in the wilderness, and excite Him to anger in the desert?

BrentonHow often did they provoke him in the wilderness, and anger him in a dry land!

GreekΠοσάκις παρεπίκραναν αὐτὸν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, παρώργισαν

KJVHow oft did they provoke him in the wilderness, and grieve him in the desert!

JPSHow oft did they rebel against Him in the wilderness, And grieve Him in the desert!

ThomsonThey actually turned back and tempted God, and provoked to wrath the Holy One of Israel.

BrentonYea, they turned back, and tempted God, and provoked the Holy One of Israel.

Greekαὐτὸν ἐν γῇ ἀνύδρῳ; Καὶ ἐπέστρεψαν καὶ ἐπείρασαν τὸν Θεὸν, καὶ τὸν ἅγιον τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ παρώξυναν.

KJVYea, they turned back and tempted God, and limited the Holy One of Israel.

JPSAnd still again they tried God, And set bounds to the Holy One of Israel.

ThomsonThey remembered not His hand, on the day when He rescued them out of the hand of an oppressor;

BrentonThey remembered not his hand, the day in which he delivered them from the hand of the oppressor.

GreekΟὐκ ἐμνήσθησαν τῆς χειρὸς αὐτοῦ, ἡμέρας ἧς ἐλυτρώσατο αὐτοὺς ἐκ χειρὸς θλίβοντος·

KJVThey remembered not his hand, nor the day when he delivered them from the enemy.

JPSThey remembered not His hand, Nor the day when He redeemed them from the adversary.

Thomsonhow He had displayed His signs in Egypt, and His wonders in the plain of Tanis;

BrentonHow he had wrought his signs in Egypt, and his wonders in the field of Tanes:

GreekὩς ἔθετο ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ τὰ σημεῖα αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὰ

KJVHow he had wrought his signs in Egypt, and his wonders in the field of Zoan:

JPSHow He set His signs in Egypt, And His wonders in the field of Zoan; .

Thomsonand had turned their rivers into blood, and their cisterns so that they could not drink—

Brentonand had changed their rivers into blood; and their streams, that they should not drink.

Greekτέρατα αὐτοῦ ἐν πεδίῳ Τάνεως· Καὶ μετέστρεψεν εἰς αἷμα τοὺς ποταμοὺς αὐτῶν, καὶ τὰ ὀμβρήματα αὐτῶν ὅπως μὴ πίωσιν·

KJVAnd had turned their rivers into blood; and their floods, that they could not drink.

JPSAnd turned their rivers into blood, So that they could not drink their streams.

Thomsonhad sent against them the dog fly which devoured them, and swarms of frogs which destroyed them;

BrentonHe sent against them the dog-fly, and it devoured them; and the frog, and it spoiled them.

Greekἐξαπέστειλεν εἰς αὐτοὺς κυνόμυιαν καὶ κατέφαγεν αὐτοὺς, καὶ βάτραχον, καὶ διέφθειρεν αὐτούς·

KJV—

JPS—

Thomsonand had given their crops to the canker worm, and their labours to the locust—

BrentonAnd he gave their fruit to the canker worm, and their labours to the locust.

GreekΚαὶ ἔδωκε τῇ ἐρυσίβῃ τὸν καρπὸν αὐτῶν, καὶ τοὺς πόνους αὐτῶν τῇ ἀκρίδι.

KJVHe gave also their increase unto the caterpiller, and their labour unto the locust.

JPSHe gave also their increase unto the caterpillar, And their labour unto the locust.

Thomsonhad smitten their vineyards with hail, and their sycamore trees with frost;

BrentonHe killed their vines with hail, and their sycamores with frost.

GreekἈπέκτεινεν ἐν χαλάζῃ τὴν ἄμπελον αὐτῶν, καὶ τὰς συκαμίνους αὐτῶν ἐν

KJVHe destroyed their vines with hail, and their sycomore trees with frost.

JPSHe destroyed their vines with hail, And their sycamore-trees with frost.

Thomsonand delivered up their cattle to hail, and their substance to the fire—

BrentonAnd he gave up their cattle to hail, and their substance to the fire.

Greekτῇ πάχνῃ. Καὶ παρέδωκεν ἐν χαλάζῃ τὰ κτήνη αὐτῶν, καὶ τὴν ὕπαρξιν αὐτῶν τῷ πυρί.

KJVHe gave up their cattle also to the hail, and their flocks to hot thunderbolts.

JPSHe gave over their cattle also to the hail, And their flocks to fiery bolts.

Thomsonhaving sent out against them His fierce anger, wrath and indignation and affliction—a mission executed by evil angels:

BrentonHe sent out against them the fury of his anger, wrath, and indignation, and affliction, a message by evil angels.

GreekἘξαπέστειλεν εἰς αὐτοὺς ὀργὴν θυμοῦ αὐτοῦ, θυμὸν καὶ ὀργὴν καὶ θλίψιν, ἀποστολὴν διʼ

KJVHe cast upon them the fierceness of his anger, wrath, and indignation, and trouble, by sending evil angels among them.

JPSHe sent forth upon them the fierceness of His anger, Wrath, and indignation, and trouble, A sending of messengers of evil.

ThomsonHe paved a way for His vengeance—He spared not their lives from death: He delivered up their cattle to pestilence,

BrentonHe made a way for his wrath; he spared not their souls from death, but consigned their cattle to death;

Greekἀγγέλων πονηρῶν. Ὡδοποίησε τρίβον τῇ ὀργῇ αὐτοῦ, οὐκ ἐφείσατο ἀπὸ θανάτου τῶν ψυχῶν αὐτῶν, καὶ τὰ κτήνη αὐτῶν

KJVHe made a way to his anger; he spared not their soul from death, but gave their life over to the pestilence;

JPSHe levelled a path for His anger; He spared not their soul from death, But gave their life over to the pestilence;

Thomsonand smote every first-born in the land of Egypt—the first fruits of their labours in the tents of Cham;

Brentonand smote every first-born in the land of Egypt; the first-fruits of their labours in the tents of Cham.

Greekεἰς θάνατον συνέκλεισε. Καὶ ἐπάταξε πᾶν πρωτότοκον ἐν γῇ Αἰγυπτῳ, ἀπαρχὴν πόνων αὐτῶν ἐν τοῖς σκηνώμασι Χάμ.

KJV—

JPSAnd smote all the first-born in Egypt, The first-fruits of their strength in the tents of Ham;

Thomsonand brought out His people like sheep, and led them like a flock in the desert,

BrentonAnd he removed his people like sheep; he led them as a flock in the wilderness.

GreekΚαὶ ἀπῇρεν ὡς πρόβατα τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ, ἤγαγεν αὐτοὺς ὡσεὶ

KJVBut made his own people to go forth like sheep, and guided them in the wilderness like a flock.

JPSBut He made His own people to go forth like sheep, And guided them in the wilderness like a flock.

Thomsonand guided them safely, so that they were not afraid, though the sea overwhelmed their enemies;

BrentonAnd he guided them with hope, and they feared not: but the sea covered their enemies.

Greekποίμνιον ἐν ἐρήμῳ. Καὶ ὡδήγησεν αὐτοὺς ἐν ἐλπίδι, καὶ οὐκ ἐδειλίασον, καὶ τοὺς ἐχθροὺς αὐτῶν ἐκάλυψε θάλασσα.

KJVAnd he led them on safely, so that they feared not: but the sea overwhelmed their enemies.

JPSAnd He led them safely, and they feared not; But the sea overwhelmed their enemies.

Thomsonand brought them to the mount of His holiness—to this mountain which His right hand purchased;

BrentonAnd he brought them in to the mountain of his sanctuary, this mountain which his right hand had purchased.

GreekΚαὶ εἰσήγαγεν αὐτοὺς εἰς ὄρος ἁγιάσματος αὐτοῦ, ὄρος τοῦτο ὃ

KJVAnd he brought them to the border of his sanctuary, even to this mountain, which his right hand had purchased.

JPSAnd He brought them to His holy border, To the mountain, which His right hand had gotten.

Thomsonand drove out nations from before them, and gave them by lot their several portions, and settled in their dwellings the tribes of Israel.

BrentonAnd he cast out the nations from before them, and made them to inherit by a line of inheritance, and made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents.

Greekἐκτήσατο ἡ δεξιὰ αὐτοῦ. Καὶ ἐξέβαλεν ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτῶν ἔθνη, καὶ ἐκληροδότησεν αὐτοὺς ἐν σχοινίῳ κληροδοσίας, καὶ κατεσκήνωσεν ἐν τοῖς σκηνώμασιν αὐτῶν τὰς φυλὰς τοῦ Ἰσραήλ.

KJVHe cast out the heathen also before them, and divided them an inheritance by line, and made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents.

JPSHe drove out the nations also before them, And allotted them for an inheritance by line, And made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents.

ThomsonStill they tempted and provoked God the Most High, and did not keep His testimonies;

BrentonYet they tempted and provoked the most high God, and kept not his testimonies.

GreekΚαὶ ἐπείρασαν καὶ παρεπίκραναν τὸν Θεὸν τὸν ὕψιστον, καὶ τὰ μαρτύρια αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἐφυλάξαντο.

KJVYet they tempted and provoked the most high God, and kept not his testimonies:

JPSYet they tried and provoked God, the Most High, And kept not His testimonies;

Thomsonbut turned back and broke covenant like their fathers. They turned aside like a deceitful bow.

BrentonAnd they turned back, and broke covenant, even as also their fathers: they became like a crooked bow.

GreekΚαὶ ἀπέστρεψαν, καὶ ἠσυνθέτησαν καθὼς καὶ οἱ πατέρες αὐτῶν, μετεστράφησαν εἰς τόξον στρεβλόν.

KJVBut turned back, and dealt unfaithfully like their fathers: they were turned aside like a deceitful bow.

JPSBut turned back, and dealt treacherously like their fathers; They were turned aside like a deceitful bow.

ThomsonThey provoked Him with their mounts, and with their graven images moved Him to jealousy.

BrentonAnd they provoked him with their high places, and moved him to jealousy with their graven images.

GreekΚαὶ παρώργισαν αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τοῖς βουνοῖς αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐν τοῖς γλυπτοῖς αὐτῶν παρεζήλωσαν αὐτόν.

KJVFor they provoked him to anger with their high places, and moved him to jealousy with their graven images.

JPSFor they provoked Him with their high places, And moved Him to jealousy with their graven images.

ThomsonGod heard and despised them and greatly contemned Israel,

BrentonGod heard and lightly regarded them, and greatly despised Israel.

GreekἬκουσεν ὁ Θεὸς καὶ ὑπερεῖδε, καὶ ἐξουδένωσε σφόδρα τὸν

KJVWhen God heard this, he was wroth, and greatly abhorred Israel:

JPSGod heard, and was wroth, And He greatly abhorred Israel;

Thomsonand He abandoned the tabernacle of Selom—the tent in which He had dwelt among men;

BrentonAnd he rejected the tabernacle of Selom, his tent where he dwelt among men.

GreekʼΙσραήλ. Καὶ ἀπώσατο τὴν σκηνὴν Σηλὼμ, σκήνωμα αὐτοῦ

KJVSo that he forsook the tabernacle of Shiloh, the tent which he placed among men;

JPSAnd He forsook the tabernacle of Shiloh, The tent which He had made to dwell among men;

Thomsonand delivered up their strength to captivity, and their glory into an enemy’s hand;

BrentonAnd he gave their strength into captivity, and their beauty into the enemy's hand.

Greekοὗ κατεσκήνωσεν ἐν ἀνθρώποις. Καὶ παρέδωκεν εἰς αἰχμαλωσίαν τὴν ἰσχὺν αὐτῶν, καὶ τὴν καλλονὴν αὐτῶν εἰς χεῖρα

KJVAnd delivered his strength into captivity, and his glory into the enemy’s hand.

JPSAnd delivered His strength into captivity, And His glory into the adversary's hand.

Thomsonand gave up His people to the sword, and slighted His inheritance.

BrentonAnd he gave his people to the sword; and disdained his inheritance.

Greekἐχθρου. Καὶ συνέκλεισεν εἰς ῥομφαίαν τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὴν κληρονομίαν αὐτοῦ ὑπερεῖδε·

KJVHe gave his people over also unto the sword; and was wroth with his inheritance.

JPSHe gave His people over also unto the sword; And was wroth with His inheritance.

ThomsonA fire consumed their young men, and their virgins made no lamentation.

BrentonFire devoured their young men; and their virgins mourned not.

GreekΤοὺς νεανίσκους αὐτῶν κατέφαγε πῦρ, καὶ αἱ παρθένοι αὐτῶν οὐκ ἐπένθησαν. Οἱ

KJVThe fire consumed their young men; and their maidens were not given to marriage.

JPSFire devoured their young men; And their virgins had no marriage-song.

ThomsonTheir priests fell by the sword and their widows are not to bewail them.

BrentonTheir priests fell by the sword; and their widows shall not be wept for.

Greekἱερεῖς αὐτῶν ἐν ῥομφαίᾳ ἔπεσον, καὶ αἱ χῆραι αὐτῶν οὐ κλαυσθήσονται.

KJVTheir priests fell by the sword; and their widows made no lamentation.

JPSTheir priests fell by the sword; And their widows made no lamentation. .

ThomsonAt length the Lord awaked as one out of sleep, as a mighty man recovered from wine;

BrentonSo the Lord awaked as one out of sleep, and as a mighty man who has been heated with wine.

GreekΚαὶ ἐξηγέρθη ὡς ὁ ὑπνῶν Κύριος, ὡς δυνατὸς κεκραιπαληκὼς

KJVThen the LORD awaked as one out of sleep, and like a mighty man that shouteth by reason of wine.

JPSThen the Lord awaked as one asleep, Like a mighty man recovering from wine.

Thomsonand He smote His enemies in the hinder parts, and cast an everlasting reproach on them.

BrentonAnd he smote his enemies in the hinder parts: he brought on them a perpetual reproach.

Greekἐξ οἴνου. Καὶ ἐπάταξε τοὺς ἐχθροὺς αὐτοῦ εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω, ὄνειδος αἰώνιον ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς.

KJVAnd he smote his enemies in the hinder parts: he put them to a perpetual reproach.

JPSAnd He smote His adversaries backward; He put upon them a perpetual reproach.

ThomsonBut He rejected the habitation of Joseph, and did not choose the tribe of Ephraim;

BrentonAnd he rejected the tabernacle of Joseph, and chose not the tribe of Ephraim;

GreekΚαὶ ἀπώσατο τὸ σκήνωμα Ἰωσὴφ, καὶ τὴν φυλὴν Ἐφραὶμ

KJVMoreover he refused the tabernacle of Joseph, and chose not the tribe of Ephraim:

JPSMoreover He abhorred the tent of Joseph, And chose not the tribe of Ephraim;

Thomsonbut made choice of the tribe of Juda—of this mount Sion which He loved,

Brentonbut chose the tribe of Juda, the mount Sion which he loved.

Greekοὐκ ἐξελέξατο. Καὶ ἐξελέξατο τὴν φυλὴν Ἰούδα, τὸ ὄρος τὸ

KJVBut chose the tribe of Judah, the mount Zion which he loved.

JPSBut chose the tribe of Judah, The mount Zion which He loved.

Thomsonand built His sanctuary like that of unicorns; in this land He founded it for this age,

BrentonAnd he built his sanctuary as the place of unicorns; he founded it for ever on the earth.

GreekΣιὼν, ὃ ἠγάπησε. Καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν ὡς μονοκερώτων τὸ ἁγίασμα αὐτοῦ, ἐν τῇ γῇ ἐθεμελίωσεν αὐτὴν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα.

KJVAnd he built his sanctuary like high palaces, like the earth which he hath established for ever.

JPSAnd He built His sanctuary like the heights, Like the earth which He hath founded for ever.

Thomsonand He chose David His servant and took him from the flocks of sheep—

BrentonHe chose David also his servant, and took him up from the flocks of sheep.

GreekΚαὶ ἐξελέξατο Δαυὶδ τὸν δοῦλον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀνέλαβεν αὐτὸν ἐκ τῶν

KJVHe chose David also his servant, and took him from the sheepfolds:

JPSHe chose David also His servant, And took him from the sheepfolds;

ThomsonHe took them from tending the ewes with young to feed His servant Jacob and Israel, His inheritance.

BrentonHe took him from following the ewes great with young, to be the shepherd of Jacob his servant, and Israel his inheritance.

Greekποιμνίων τῶν προβάτων. Ἐξόπισθεν τῶν λοχευομένων ἔλαβεν αὐτὸν, ποιμαίνειν Ἰακὼβ τὸν δοῦλον αὐτοῦ, καὶ Ἰσραὴλ τὴν

KJVFrom following the ewes great with young he brought him to feed Jacob his people, and Israel his inheritance.

JPSFrom following the ewes that give suck He brought him, To be shepherd over Jacob His people, and Israel His inheritance.

ThomsonAnd He fed them in the integrity of His heart, and guided them by the skill of His hands.

BrentonSo he tended them in the innocency of his heart; and guided them by the skilfulness of his hands.

Greekκληρονομίαν αὐτοῦ. Καὶ ἐποίμανεν αὐτοὺς ἐν τῇ ἀκακίᾳ τῆς καρδίας αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐν τῇ συνέσει τῶν χειρῶν αὐτοῦ, ὡδήγησεν αὐτούς.

KJVSo he fed them according to the integrity of his heart; and guided them by the skilfulness of his hands.

JPSSo he shepherded them according to the integrity of his heart; And lead them by the skilfulness of his hands.